Eco-epidemiología de las Chlamydia psittaci, Chlamydia pneumoniae y Chlamydia pecorum: impacto en la salud pública

Abstract

Introduction: Zoonotic infections are a growing threat to global health. Chlamydia and its implications are not well known. The aim of this study was to further the eco-epidemiological knowledge of Chlamydia in Cordoba.
Materials and methods: Serological and molecular techniques was implemented for detection of Chlamydia in 314 healthy individuals, 44 individuals associated with Psittacosis, 505 wild birds, 288 captive birds, 30 reptiles and 30 equine.
Results: In humans were detected C. pneumoniae, C. pecorum, C. psittaci and co-infections associated with increased bacterial quantification.
The prevalence of antibodies in healthy individuals was 14.3% and 68.2% patients. Exacerbated immune response was detected in workers with contact infected with C. pneumoniae evidenced reptiles. In captive birds we detected C. pneumoniae, C. psittaci, C. pecorum, C. gallinácea and co-infections with the highest concentration of DNA. Wild birds did not excrete Chlamydia. In horses we found C. pneumoniae, also in Suricata suricatta and Atelerix albiventris. The genotype was found in humans, reptiles, birds, mammals and non-human equine B.
Conclusions: C. psittaci WC genotype was detected in birds and humans; less frequently genotypes E/B and A. This finding suggests that animals can be a source of C. psittaci underestimated. The discovery of C. pneumoniae and C. pecorum in patients and animals raises potential zoonotic cycles and the need for differential diagnosis. These results endorsed the decree of provincial law to possess and marketing of animals, promoted by Secretaría de Ambiente de Córdoba.